Matambudziko evarimi vemuZimbabwe: Chikamu 1

Kurima ndiwo musimboti wehupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji muZimbabwe. Zvinonzi vanhu vanopfuura 70% vanorarama nekurima, uye vazhinji vavo varimi vaduku vanorima mumapurazi asingasviki mahekita mashanu. Asi kunyangwe basa iri riri rekutsigira nyika, varimi vari kutarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvinovarwadzisa gore rega rega.

Kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze
Chinhu chikuru chiri kunetsa varimi inzara nekuoma kwenyika kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. MunaJanuary 2026, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakawana mvura yakawandisa yakakonzera kuti makwenzi aome, ivhu ripere simba uye zvirimwa zvirege kubudirira. Zvadaro, kubva pakupera kwaJanuary kusvika pakati paFebruary, dutu rekupisa nekuoma rakauya rikaomesa zvirimwa, kunyanya chibage. Hurumende yakabvuma kuti mumwaka wa2026/27, pane mukana we80% wekuti kuve nedutu guru re"Super El Niño" richaunza nzara huru.

Kudhura kwembeu nefetireza
Fetireza yakawanda inotengwa kunze kwenyika, saka mitengo inokwira nguva nenguva. Mumwaka wa2025/26, fetireza yakanga ichidhura kupfuura yegore rakapfuura. Vazhinji varimi vaduku havakwanisi kutenga mbeu nefetireza yakakwana, izvo zvinoita kuti kukohwa kwavo kuve kudiki. Chibage chinowanikwa nevarimi vaduku chinosvika chete makilogiramu 800 pahekita, iyo iri pasi pekugona kwacho.

Kushomeka kwemari nevakweretesi
Mabhanga mazhinji anoramba kukweretesa varimi vaduku, achiti mari yavo ine njodzi yekuti varimi vanogona kukoshiwa kuibhadhara pakare. Izvi zvinoita kuti varimi vashaye mari yekutenga mbeu, michina yekurima, kana mishina yekudiridzira. Hurumende yakaedza kubatsira nezvirongwa zvakaita seCommand Agriculture, asi haina kukwanisa kubatsira varimi vese.

Matambudziko emisika
Kunyange varimi vakabudirira kukohwa, kutengesa zvirimwa kwacho kune matambudziko. Vamwe vatengi vari pakati (middlemen) vanotenga zvakachipa vachizoenda kutengesa nemitongo yepamusoro, varimi vachisiiwa nemari shomanana. GMB inowanzo nonoka kubhadhara, uye mutengo we$380 patani yechibage mumwaka wa2025/26 hausvitsi varimi kunzvimbo yekuwana purofiti kana kuchengetedza mhuri.

Mvura yekudiridzira
Nzvimbo inosvika kana kupfuura 90% inorimwa muZimbabwe inomirira mvura yemuchadenga. Vanhu vashoma vane midziyo yakakwana yekuti vakwanise kudiridzira. Kana mvura ikasanaya zvakanaka, varimi havana nzira yekuchengetedza zvirimwa zvavo.

Ivhu, tuzvipembenene, nezvimwe
Ivhu rakawanda rakapera simba, kunyanya nekuda kwekusachengetedzwa uye kurima zvirimwa zvimwe chete gore negore. Tuzvipembenene twakaita se*fall armyworm* twava kuparadza minda yechibage. Migwagwa yekumamisha yakashata inonetsa varimi kutakura zvibereko kumisika.

Tariro yevarimi
Kunyange zvazvo matambudziko aya ari makuru, kune tariro. Vamwe varimi vari kutanga kurima zvirimwa zvinogona kuita pavhu rakaoma (drought resistant), semhunga nezviyo. Vamwe vari kuungana kuti vatengese pamwe chete kuti vawane mitengo yakanaka. Hurumende yakabvumira kuti fetireza ipinde munyika pasina mutero mumwaka unouya, uye zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa varimi nzira dzitsva zviri kuwedzera. Kana isu tose tichishandira pamwe chete: hurumende, varimi, nemakambani zvinoita kuti varimi vabudirire.